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Periods are the horizontal rows in the periodic table. All the chemical elements in this row have the same number of electron shells. When we go through a row, the number of protons in the atomic nucleus increases by 1 for each next element in the period. Moreover, the elements get less metallic when we move forward a row.
However, the periods have different numbers of members; there are more chemical elements in some periods than some other periods. This is because, the number of elements is determined by the number of electrons allowed in each electron shell. Mainly, there are 7 periods in the periodic table. Thus, we name them as period 1, period 2, … Period 7. Groups are the vertical columns in the periodic table. All the chemical elements in the same group contain an equal number of valence electrons. For example, the number of valence electrons in the group 1 is 1.
Most of the times, the elements in the same group shares somewhat similar chemical and physical properties. There are mainly 18 groups in the periodic table. Similarly, what do groups and periods tell us? Now you know about periods going left to right. The elements in each group have the same number of electrons in the outer orbital. Those outer electrons are also called valence electrons.
Subsequently, question is, how do you find the group and period? The period of an element corresponds to the principal quantum number of the Valence shell. The block of an element corresponds to the type of orbital which receive the last electron. For s-block elements , group number is equal to the number of valence electrons. Periods in the periodic table. In each period horizontal row , the atomic numbers increase from left to right. The periods are numbered 1 through 7 on the left-hand side of the table.
Elements that are in the same period have chemical properties that are not all that similar. The group number in the periodic table represents number of valence electrons of the elements in a certain group. Asked by: Lexuri Carou science chemistry What is the difference between a group and a period? Last Updated: 4th January, Periods are horizontal rows across the periodic table, while groups are vertical columns down the table. Atomic number increases as you move down a group or across a period.
Agostino Kesselmeier Professional. What is a period number? A period number is the number that is given to a group of elements across the periodic table that have made a round from completing its outer electron shell. This pattern usually begins with a Group I element and ending with a Group 8 element. So for example, period I would be from hydrogen to helium. Jalila Ameixoeira Professional. Which groups are the most reactive?
The two most reactive groups of elements are the alkali metals and the halogens, because of their valence electrons. Those groups have 1 and 7 valence electrons, respectively, making them desperate to bond to something, to achieve a stable configuration of 8.
Polonia Zokou Professional. Who discovered halogens? Scheele called the element "dephlogisticated muriatic acid", which is how chlorine was known for 33 years. In , Humphry Davy investigated chlorine and discovered that it is an actual element.
Jinzhu Lascas Explainer. Why are Group 7 elements called halogens? Group 7 — The Halogens. The elements in Group 7 of the Periodic Table are all non-metals. There are seven periods for naturally occurring elements :. Actively scan device characteristics for identification. Use precise geolocation data. Select personalised content. Create a personalised content profile. Measure ad performance. Select basic ads. Create a personalised ads profile. Select personalised ads. Apply market research to generate audience insights.
Measure content performance. Develop and improve products. List of Partners vendors. Share Flipboard Email. Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph. Chemistry Expert. Helmenstine holds a Ph.
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