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Measure content performance. Develop and improve products. List of Partners vendors. Human chorionic conadotropin hCG is a hormone secreted early in pregnancy by specialized cells called trophoblasts and later by the placenta.
It helps to maintain high levels of progesterone , which is critical for the success of the pregnancy. Because hCG is similar in structure to luteinizing hormone LH , when there is a mature egg follicle in the ovary an injection of hCG can cause the egg to mature and be released. The medication can be used alone, in an ovulation induction cycle as with intrauterine insemination or during in vitro fertilization. The hCG injection will cause ovulation approximately 36 hours after you take it, allowing your healthcare provider to better time intrauterine insemination or the egg retrieval.
Many brands and forms of hCG are available. Your healthcare provider will prescribe the one most appropriate for you. Injections can be given either subcutaneously or intramuscularly , depending on the brand. Remember that hCG is the hormone detected in urine pregnancy tests. When you take hCG as a medication, it may persist in your body and urine for up to two weeks.
Micropenis, a presenting symptom of IHH, refers to an extremely small penis with a stretched penile length of less than 2. It is well known that micropenis results from a lack of adequate androgen action during early fetal life that hinders full masculinization of the external genitalia and induces inadequate androgen stimulation for normal penile growth. Among the suggested etiologic factors of micropenis, the most common cause of micropenis is failure of the hypothalamus to secrete gonadotropins or hypophysial dysfunction.
In cases of idiopathic IHH combined with micropenis, hCG alone has been reported to increase penile length. Additionally, the final testicular volumes in patients with IHH treated with hCG are substantially greater than in patients treated with testosterone.
They showed that the serum level of testosterone, positive sperm count, and testicular volume were increased significantly in the gonadotropin-injected group. Burris et al 12 investigated the effect of exogenous hCG alone in IHH men in terms of serum testosterone, spermatogenesis, and testicular growth.
They reported that hCG treatment increased the testicular volume from 5. During hCG treatment, 14 of the 22 men had positive sperm appearance in their semen. Ley and Leonard 13 also reported that hCG treatment is sufficient to both initiate and maintain spermatogenesis. Although the studies mentioned above reported the effect of gonadotropin therapy in males with IHH, all studied heterogeneous groups of males with complete or partial gonadotropin deficiency, which may be one reason for the good response to the hCG treatment.
The spectrum of gonadotropin deficiency is manifested by the men's initial testis volume. Therefore, we suggest that hCG treatment may have a beneficial effect on gonadal function in patients with a small testicular volume and on penile growth in patients presenting with micropenis. A limitation of our study is that we could not measure semen parameters before and after surgery, because most of our patients were of an adolescent age and did not agree to provide a semen sample.
Another limitation is the small sample size and the absence of a control group treated with combined human menopausal gonadotropin hMG or testosterone. The appropriate timing and dosage of hCG therapy and its mode of action has not been conclusively determined, and controversy currently exists in the literature. Furthermore, our study population was mixed with both adolescent and adult patients, and we could not evaluate the outcomes separately for these different age groups of prepubertal and postpubertal patients.
It is uncertain whether the initial gain in penile length will be maintained into adulthood. Further study is needed with a prospective design, large sample size, long-term follow-up in terms of penile growth, and a control group of patients with another treatment modality.
In conclusion, hCG treatment seemed to be effective in IHH, because it successfully increased the serum testosterone level and testicular volume and stimulated penile growth. Our data also imply that hCG treatment for patients with IHH presenting with micropenis results in a satisfactory gain in penile length. National Center for Biotechnology Information , U.
Journal List Chonnam Med J v. Chonnam Med J. Published online Apr Find articles by Sun-Ouck Kim. Find articles by Kwang Ho Ryu. Find articles by In Sang Hwang. Find articles by Seung Il Jung. Find articles by Kyung Jin Oh. Find articles by Kwangsung Park. Author information Article notes Copyright and License information Disclaimer.
Corresponding author. Corresponding Author: Kwangsung Park. Received Mar 16; Accepted Mar This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Abstract Penile growth is under androgenic control. Keywords: Human chorionic gonadotropin, Micropenis, Testosterone. Patients A total of 20 male patients with IHH who met the criteria for micropenis were included in this study. Methods 1 Clinical and laboratory assessment Testis volume was assessed by using the Prader orchidometer.
Open in a separate window. Increase in serum testosterone after hCG treatment The mean serum testosterone level was significantly increased after hCG treatment. HCG seems to aid in weight loss by burning fat and increasing metabolism without the concurrent loss of muscle mass.
The HCG diet has been around since the s. It was initiated by the late British Physician, Dr. Simeons devoted years of research to patients that were suffering from obesity. During the time of his research, he noticed several important factors that were instrumental to his research.
For example, when his patients were given HCG injections, they had no headaches, hunger pains, weakness, or irritability as long as a low calorie-restricted diet was combined with HCG. This is because the purpose of HCG is to release stored nutrients for the fetus. Without a developing fetus to feed, the extra fat burned that would normally be converted to nourish the baby leads to weight loss instead, but the HCG protects muscle mass, just as it would during pregnancy.
The key to the HCG diet is severe caloric restriction. People using HCG for weight loss are usually restricted to only calories per day. HCG helps you to stay healthy and strong while being on such a low-calorie diet. Necessary Fat — Which is the structural fat that fills the gaps between organs and is needed for the body to maintain its integrity and to function properly. Abnormal Fat — This is the excess fat that accumulates in the abdomen, hips, thighs, and buttocks — the fat we want to get rid of through diet and exercise.
Unfortunately, during ordinary dieting, the body will use fat in just the opposite way we would desire. In most diets, we usually lose the normal fat first. Then, the body burns structural fat next, and it only goes to work on the fat we want to lose most — the abnormal fat, last. Simeons found that this apparently does not happen while dieting and taking HCG injections. It seems that when combined with low caloric intake, HCG resets the hypothalamus to target the abnormal fat first!
This occurs because, normally, HCG is what stimulates the release of stored fat to nourish a developing fetus during pregnancy. A pregnant woman cannot afford to lose necessary or even copious amounts of normal fat — so instead, HCG targets abnormal fat. HCG acts on the hypothalamus, signaling the body to release stored fat into the bloodstream, where it is then available to be utilized by the cells for nourishment; this alone will not cause weight loss unless you combine HCG with a low-calorie diet.
Studies have shown that, when used in conjunction with limited caloric intake, HCG jump-starts the metabolism and causes the release of abnormal fat without affecting structural fat and muscle tissue. This means that you only lose fat in the stubborn areas such as the hips, thighs, buttocks, and upper arms.
HCG not only assists the body with burning abnormal fat but also helps to permanently reset the hypothalamus, gearing your metabolism to burn abnormal fat and build lean muscle for the rest of your life.
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