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Philadelphia, a city in Pennsylvania whose name means City of Brotherly Love, was originally settled by Native American tribes, particularly the Lenape hunter gatherers, around B. By the early s, Dutch, English and Swedish merchants had established trading posts in the Boston, the largest city in New England, is located on a hilly peninsula in Massachusetts Bay. The region had been inhabited since at least B. Captain John Smith in explored the In the frantic weeks that followed the Pearl Harbor attack, many Americans believed that enemy raids on the continental United States were imminent.
On December 9, , unsubstantiated reports of approaching aircraft had caused a minor invasion panic in New York City and sent And, bringing with them traditions and culture from Mexico, Spain, Originally a Spanish later Mexican mission and pueblo, it was conquered The Zoot Suit Riots were a series of violent clashes during which mobs of U.
The June riots took their name from the baggy suits worn by many minority youths London is the capital of England and the United Kingdom and one of the largest and most important cities in the world.
The area was originally settled by early hunter gatherers around 6, B. Live TV. This Day In History. History Vault. Recommended for you. Bush on Los Angeles Riots. Los Angeles Riots. Outbreak of '92 Los Angeles Riots. Los Angeles Aqueduct From the time it was founded as a small settlement in the late 18th century, Los Angeles depended on its own river for water, building a system of reservoirs and open ditches as well as canals to irrigate nearby fields.
Boston: A City Steeped in U. A survey taken by the Los Angeles Unified School District that year counted more than different languages represented among school-age children. People of African descent were prominent in the first Spanish settlement of Los Angeles in Twenty-six of the 44 original settlers pobladores were black or mixed ancestry mulattos. Most came from Sinaloa, Mexico, where two-thirds of the residents were people of mixed African and Spanish heritage. The number of blacks was eclipsed by new immigrants in the early American years.
Only about a dozen of the 1, county residents listed in the census were black. During the next 80 years the influx of blacks grew, and by Los Angeles was home to the largest black community on the Pacific Coast. The first Chinese-Americans in the city were laborers recruited in China by Chinese contractors and unknowingly brought to Los Angeles in By their numbers grew to more than 4, The Chinese dominated the agricultural business as growers, vendors and market proprietors.
Others worked swinging picks and shovels laying the tracks for the Southern Pacific railroad, including carving out the San Fernando railroad tunnel through the mountains. During this time the Chinese endured racial hatred due in part to intense economic rivalries with whites, which resulted in the Chinese Exclusionary Acts in the s. Mexican-Americans—people largely of mixed Spanish and Indian descent—came to Southern California under the flag of Spain, having been recruited from Sonora and Sinaloa in New Spain Mexico beginning in Although their numbers were small, their language and culture prevailed over those of the local Indian inhabitants.
Mexico ruled California from , when Mexican rebels overthrew Spanish rule, until the end of the Mexican-American War in The Mexicans remained in the majority after the war but lost political and social dominance. Their numbers increased markedly after the Mexican revolution in The coming of the railroads changed everything. With a huge investment in their new coast-to-coast rail lines and large Los Angeles land holdings, the railroads set forth a long-term plan for growth.
Southern California citrus farming was born. Tourism and the building of towns were promoted to attract investors, to raise land values, and to increase the value of railroad shipments. Thousands of tourists and land speculators hurried to Los Angeles County. The boom proved to be a speculative frenzy that collapsed abruptly in Many landowners went broke. People in vast numbers abandoned the Los Angeles area, sometimes as many as 3, a day.
This flight prompted the creation of the chamber of commerce, which began a worldwide advertising campaign to attract new citizens. The county as a whole, however, benefited. The build-up had created several local irrigation districts and numerous civic improvements.
In addition, the Los Angeles population had increased from about 11, in to about 60, in In the first salable petroleum in California was the oil found at Pico Canyon near San Fernando.
But the real boom began in the s, when Edward L. Los Angeles became a center of oil production in the early 20th Century. By the area had derricks, and in the area near Santa Monica Boulevard and Vermont Avenue was an unruly oil shantytown. Drilling activity in the county reached new heights in the s when major finds were made in Whittier, Montebello, Compton, Torrance, and Inglewood. These three huge fields upset national oil prices and glutted existing storage facilities.
By the turn of the century almost 1, oil wells operated throughout Los Angeles. Oil production has continued down to the present throughout the Los Angeles Basin; between and some 1, wells pumped million barrels of oil from these pumps. In the early s, agriculture became an important part of the economy. Other crops grown in the County included alfalfa, apricots, asparagus, barley, hay, beans, beets, cabbage, citrus, corn, lettuce, melons, peaches, potatoes, pumpkins, squash, tomatoes, and walnuts.
The agricultural output led to other industries such as canning companies, a fruit growers association, and fruit preservers. The agricultural land gave way to development following World War II. The San Pedro harbor became operational in the late s and became the principal harbor for the trade in the county.
The first steamer to visit San Pedro was the Goldhunter in The construction of a railroad from Los Angeles to the harbor in gave a fresh impetus to the development of agricultural resources in the county. Later in the Long Beach harbor was established and the port at San Pedro was also added to give Los Angeles a position in the international trade market.
In one adobe hut stood on the site that became Hollywood. By the motion picture industry was in full swing. In the s, the advent of television led to the opening of numerous television stations. Movie attendance fell to half its previous level during this time as audiences stayed home to be entertained in their own living rooms.
By the early s the television and movie industries became interdependent with much crossover from one medium to the other. Today, each medium has found its niche. The Hollywood film has retained its position as the ultimate entertainment, but television has become the major disseminator of popular culture.
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