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The strong nuclear force keeps the protons and neutrons together in the nucleus. Because electrons have electric fields of a type that exert a repelling force on other electrons in a direction such that the electrons are pushed away from each other. Simply, electrons repel because they have the same charge they both have a negative charge , and like charges repel.
The electron has a negative charge and a magnetic field at right angles to each other. It is due to the fact that even though electrons have negative charge they are bound to the nucleus by the attraction force from the nucleus and thus they have to somehow be around the nucleus and at the same time be in the lowest possible energy situation. Two bonds on the same atom will try to get as close to far from each other as possible.
This number the steric number defines the electronic shape of the molecule by minimizing repulsion. For example a steric number of three gives a trigonal planar electronic shape.
It is very important to know the shape of a molecule if one is to understand its reactions. It is also desirable to have a simple method to predict the geometries of compounds. For main group compounds, the VSEPR method is such a predictive tool and unsurpassed as a handy predictive method. Athough the VSEPR model is useful in predicting molecular geometry, it fails to predict the shapes of isoelectronic species and transition metal compounds.
This model does not take relative sizes of substituents and stereochemically inactive lone pairs into account. The main postulates of VSEPR theory are as follows : i The shape of a molecule depends upon the number of valence shell electron pairs around the central atom.
Sulfur, phosphorus, silicon, and chlorine are common examples of elements that form an expanded octet. Phosphorus pentachloride PCl5 and sulfur hexafluoride SF6 are examples of molecules that deviate from the octet rule by having more than 8 electrons around the central atom. As such it is responsible for the underlying stability of matter. Protons and neutrons are held together in a nucleus of an atom by the strong force. The strong force gets it name by being the strongest attractive force.
It is times more powerful than electromagnetic, which by the way cannot hold neutrons to protons because neutrons are not charged. James Chadwick discovered that the nucleus of each atom contains neutrons in Shortly after this, Eugene Wigner suggested that the electromagnetic force is not involved in holding the nucleus together and that there are two different nuclear forces.
We now refer to these as the strong and weak nuclear forces. Quarks were introduced as parts of an ordering scheme for hadrons, and there was little evidence for their physical existence until deep inelastic scattering experiments at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center in The four basic forces are the gravitational force, the electromagnetic force, the weak nuclear force, and the strong nuclear force. Fundamental force, also called fundamental interaction, in physics, any of the four basic forces—gravitational, electromagnetic, strong, and weak—that govern how objects or particles interact and how certain particles decay.
Gravity is a real weakling — times weaker than the electromagnetic force that holds atoms together. Although the other forces act over different ranges, and between very different kinds of particles, they seem to have strengths that are roughly comparable with each other. The forces controlling the world, and by extension, the visible universe, are gravity, electromagnetism, weak nuclear forces, and strong nuclear forces.
A molecule is a group of atoms held together by covalent bonds. Ionic Bonding. An ionic bond is held together by the electrostatic attraction between ions that are near one another. Electrostatic attraction is the attraction between atoms that have opposite charge and holds the atoms together in ionic bonds. Think of it as an atomic glue. Ball and stick models are three-dimensional models where atoms are represented by spheres of different colors and bonds are represented by sticks between the spheres.
Space fill models are similar to ball and stick models in that they are three-dimensional models that represent atoms as colored spheres. Chemical bonds are what make compounds more than just mixtures of atoms. Remember that an atom has a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a cloud of electrons.
What is an example of a compound? A compound is a substance that is made up of two or more elements. Some examples of compounds include the following: water, carbon dioxide, and table salt.
What are the 4 types of intermolecular forces? How do van der Waals forces hold molecules together? Van der Waals forces form electrostatic bonds between molecules.
Intermolecular bonds including Van der Waals bonds hold the molecules together in liquids and solids and are responsible for phenomena such as the surface tension in liquids and crystals in solids. How do compounds form? Compounds form when atoms chemically combine.
When metals combine react with nonmetals, ionic compounds usually form. When nonmetals combine, covalent compounds usually form. Molecules are the smallest part of a compound that have the properties of the compound. What is the strongest bond? What is the strongest intermolecular force?
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